From: BASIC

Email: mbromley@basicint.org]
Sent: 19 April 2001

Friends of the Earth Australia's global anti-NMD letter now has over 400 signatures.
If you would like to sign the letter please e-mail John Hallam at nonukes@foesyd.org.au.
The letter is due to be launched in the next couple of weeks.

PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH,
1-202-456-2461, 1-202-456-2883,

PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN,
+7-095-205-4330, +7-095-206-5173, +7-095-205-4219,

FOREIGN MINISTER OF RUSSIA IGOR IVANOV,
+7-095-247-2722, +7-095-293-3323,

PRIME MINISTER TONY BLAIR,
44-207-925-0918,

ROBIN COOK, UK MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS,
+44-207-829-2417,
+44-207-270-2833,

PRESIDENT JACQUES CHIRAC, +33-147-42-2465,

PRIME MINISTER LIONEL JOSPIN +33-142-34-2677

HUBERT VEDRINE, MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF FRANCE, +33-1-4317-5203,

GERMAN PRESIDENT, JOHANNES RAU, +49-030-20-00-19-99,

CHANCELLOR GERHARD SCHROEDER, +49-228-56-2357, +49-30-4000-2357,

JOSCHKA FISCHER, FOREIGN MINISTER OF GERMANY
+49-228-168-6662, +49-1888-171-928,
+49-228-173-402, +49-30-201-861-924,

YOHEI KONO, MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF JAPAN, +81-3-3581-9675

JEAN CHRETIEN, PRIME MINISTER, CANADA, +1-613-941-6900,

JOHN MANLEY, MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS, CANADA,
+1-613-952-3904, +1-613-996-3546, +1-613 996 3443.

POUL NYRUP RASMUSSEN, PRIME MINISTER OF DENMARK, +45-33-11-1665

MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF DENMARK +45 3154 0533

JENS STOLTENBERG, PRIME MINISTER OF NORWAY +47-22249500

THORBJORN JAGLAND, MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, NORWAY +47-22833934

BJORN TORE GODAL, MINISTER OF DEFENCE, NORWAY +47-23092010

CC
US SECRETARY OF STATE GENERAL COLIN POWELL, +1-202-647-6047,

US SECRETARY FOR DEFENCE, DONALD C. RUMSFELD, +1-703-695-1149,

THE HON. ALEXANDER DOWNER, MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS AUSTRALIA
+61-2-6273-4112, 08-8370-8166

THE HON. PETER REITH, MINISTER FOR DEFENCE OF AUSTRALIA +61-2-6273-4115, 03-5979-3034

Dear Presidents, Prime Ministers, Secretaries and Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Defence:

We, the undersigned organisations, representing millions of people world-wide, write to express our opposition to current US plans to deploy a national ballistic missile defence network.

We urge instead that the United States proceed with deep cuts to the US arsenal and de-alerting of nuclear weapons -- promised by President George W. Bush during his campaign -- in order to move toward the total and unequivocal elimination of nuclear arsenals, to which the United States, Russia, and other nuclear weapons states are obligated under binding and repeated international commitments.

The deployment of missile defence will undercut these measures, making the fulfillment of those commitments more difficult.

In our view, the deployment of a National Missile Defence (NMD) network is deeply-flawed and reckless, decreasing rather than increasing overall international security.

President Bush says that the United States will propose modifications to the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty to allow for US national missile defences. If Russia does not agree to the US proposals, the Bush Administration has said the United States is prepared to withdraw from the ABM treaty. President Bush may decide as soon as this year whether to begin construction of a key NMD radar site in Alaska, which could violate the treaty.

Russia has stated clearly in the recent session of the Conference on Disarmament that its offer of deep reductions in warhead numbers is conditional on the integrity of the ABM treaty. Russia's ratification of START-II was also conditional on the maintenance of the integrity of the ABM treaty, and therefore the non-deployment of US missile defences.

It is our strong view that the deployment of even so-called limited missile defences will undercut the possibility of deep reductions in US and Russian nuclear weaponry, and could foreclose the possibility of removing US and Russian missiles from their current, dangerous hair-trigger alert status.

Military planners react to capabilities rather than intentions. The deployment of even limited missile defences could lead to Russian re-deployment of tactical nuclear weapons and multiple warhead missiles.

It also may accelerate a Chinese build-up of strategic nuclear weapons, which could include deployment of multiple nuclear warheads on long-range missiles, and a dramatic increase in the now limited number of those missiles.

A Chinese build-up could easily result in a dangerous acceleration of Indian, and in turn, Pakistani nuclear weapons deployments. This escalation of offensive capabilities is likely to lead to nuclear arsenals poised at even higher levels of alert.

Furthermore, missile defence systems, particularly the NMD network now being contemplated by the United States, are extraordinarily expensive and have not been proven to work in an operational environment.

No NMD system, even a limited one, can be deployed for at least six to 10 years. Two out of three US NMD flight tests so far have failed, yet in order to be effective, NMD (or TMD) must intercept incoming nuclear warheads with close to 100% reliability.

Even if an NMD system could be designed to defeat countermeasures, could be engineered to be operationally effective, and would not prompt a state to build additional offensive missiles to over-saturate missile defences, neither NMD nor TMD can guard against less sophisticated and more reliable means of delivering weapons of mass destruction.

Likewise, various systems of proposed Theatre Missile Defence, possibly to be deployed in Taiwan, Japan, Europe or the Middle East, suffer from many of the same technical problems, and may have the same effect as NMD in creating a dangerous action-reaction cycle leading to offensive missile build-ups.

The deployment of missile defence/TMD in Taiwan is particularly likely to result in a Chinese build-up. The problems associated with missile defences require that the international community work together to make effective use of diplomacy, trade and assistance, and new mechanisms to control and reduce existing and potential ballistic missile proliferation. Near-term efforts should be focused on securing a lasting and enforceable framework agreement freezing the North Korean missile program.

Further efforts to enforce and strengthen the Missile Technology Control Regime, and control and reduce missile stockpiles on a global and regional basis, should be pursued on an urgent basis.

In light of the above:

We respectfully urge the United States not to seek to deploy such missile defences, and to support more effective methods to prevent missile proliferation.

We urge governments of NATO and other US allies not to enable US deployment of such missile defence systems by allowing the upgrading of joint facilities at Menwith Hill, Fylingdales, Pine Gap, Thule, or elsewhere, for NMD- or TMD-related purposes, and to use their diplomatic influence to continue to dissuade the US government from the pursuit of missile defence.

To address the most immediate and dire missile threat:

--We urge that the United States and Russia remove all nuclear weapons from hair-trigger alert as part of a policy of eliminating launch-on-warning from their strategic war plans. This will serve as the most immediate step to increase global security and stability, and reduce the risk of unintended nuclear attack.

--We urge the United States and Russia, with the support of other states, to proceed toward immediate, verifiable and irreversible reductions of strategic and tactical nuclear stockpiles to less than 1,500 warheads each through implementation of START-II, START-III, and/or by other means.

The above measures would help fulfill their solemn commitments as expressed in the final declaration of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 2000 Review Conference to "an unequivocal undertaking by the nuclear weapon states to accomplish the total elimination of their nuclear arsenals leading to nuclear disarmament to which all states parties are committed under Article VI."

The undersigned organisations believe that these measures, and not the deployment of missile defence, constitute the way forward to the elimination of nuclear arsenals to which the nuclear weapons powers are committed, and which the overwhelming majority of the world's peoples and governments expect.

(Signed)
 
 

INTERNATIONAL GROUPS Carah Lyn Ong, Coordinator, Abolition-2000, Santa Barbara, Calif, USA, Mary-Wynne Ashford, Co-President, John Loretz, Program Director, Michael Christ, Exec. Director, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW), Cambridge, Mass, William Peden, Greenpeace International, Lond, UK, Dan Plesch, Director, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), London, UK, and Washington, USA, Bruce K. Gagnon, Coordinator, Global Network Against Weapons & Nuclear Power in Space, Florida, USA, John Burroughs, Executive Director, Lawyers Committee on Nuclear Policy (LCNP), NY, USA, Pamela A. Jordan, Executive Director, United Nations NGO Committee on Disarmament, UN Plaza, NY, USA, Pol D'Huyvetter, For Mother Earth International(FME), Ghent, Belgium, Peer De Rijk, World Information Service on Energy (WISE-International), Amsterdam, Neth, Colin Archer, International Peace Bureau (IPB), Geneva, Switz, Cora Weiss, Hague Appeal for Peace (HAP), Neth, Alfred A. Marder, Vice Pres, International Association of Peace Messenger Cities, Pamela S. Meidell, USA, Janet Bloomfield UK, Atomic Mirror, Calif USA and Saffron Walden UK, Rosalie Bertell, Jean Rajotte, International Institute of Concern for Public Health, Toronto, Cn, Ak Malten, Global Anti-Nuclear Alliance, The Hague, Neth, Charles Mercieia, President, International Association of Educators for World Peace, Douglas Mattern, President, Association of World Citizens, San Fran, USA, Kevin Sanders, War and Peace Foundation UN Bureau, USA, Armin Tenner, Chair, International Network of Engineers and Scientists for Global Responsibility (INES), Dortmund, Germany/Neth, Thanassis Pafilis, Exec Secy, World Peace Council, Greece,

MEMBERS OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT Maj-Britt Theorin MEP, Social-Democrats, Sweden, Jill Evans MEP, Plaid Cymru, Cardiff, Wales, Joost Lagendijk MEP, Vice Pres., Green Group (Neth). Dr Caroline Lucas, MEP Greens, SE England, Nuala Ahern, MEP Greens, Ireland, Hiltrud Breyer, MEP Greens, Germany, Heidi Hautala, MEP, Co-President, Greens/EFA Group, European Parliament,

Paul Lannoye, MEP, Co-President, Greens/EFA Group, European Parliament, Patricia Mc Kenna, MEP Greens Ireland, Elizabeth Schroedter, MEP, Greens, Germany, Marianne Eriksson MEP, Greens/NGL, Sweden, Per Gahrton MEP Greens, Sweden, Sylviane Ainardi, MEP GUE/NGL, France,

FRENCH GROUPS Bruno Barrilot, Director, Centre de Documentation et de Rechereche sur la Paix et les Conflits, Lyons, France, Jean-Marie Matagne, Action Des Citoyens Pour le Desarmement Nucleaire,(ACDN) France, J. A. Phelutdeca, ACDN-Saintes, La Rochelle, France, Dominique Lalanne, Stop-Essais, Linear Accellerator, Orsay, France, Daniel Durand, Arielle Denis, Mouvement de la Paix, St-Ouen, France, Roland Nivet, Mouvement de la Paix Brittany, France, Jacques Chery, Mouvement de la Paix Montpelier, Montpelier, France, Pierre Oliva, Comite de Paix de Ciotat, France, Solange Fernex, Ligue Internationale des Femmes pour la Paix et la Liberte, Paris, France, Michel Cibot, Action Francaise des Communes, Départments, et Regions pour la Paix, (World Conference of Mayors for Peace, France) Miho Shima, Nagasaki Institute France,

NORWEGIAN GROUPS Prof. Bent Natvig, Chairman, Norwegian Pugwash Committee, Oslo, Norway, Prof Bjorn Hilt/Kirsten Osen, Norwegian Physicians Against Nuclear Weapons (IPPNW-Norway) Edel Havin Beukes, Womens International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) Norway, Oslo, Norway, Olav Stoylen, Chemical Workers Union of Norway, Oslo, Norway, Thor Magnusson, Peace-2000 Institute, Reykjavik, Iceland, Finn Ekman, Liason Committee for Peace and Security, Denmark, Poul Eck Sorenson, Peace Movement of Esbjerg, Esbjerg, Denmark,

SWEDISH GROUPS Jorma Kahanpaa, Swedish Anti-Nuclear Movement, Agneta Norberg, Women for Peace, Sweden, Gunnar Westberg, SLMK (Swedish Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War), Goteborg, Sweden, Stefan Bjornsson, Chair, Swedish Engineers and Scientists Against Nuclear Arms, Malla Kantola, Secy General, Committee of 100, Helsinki, Finland, Ulla Lehtinen, First Peoples, Finland,

GERMAN GROUPS Regina Hagen, Darmstaedter Friedensforum, Darmstadt/Germany Hans-Peter Richter, German Peace Council, Germany, Horst Hohmier, Anti-Atom Plenum, Ruhrgebiet, Germany, Dr Margit Hoepfler, NGO Shalom, School Sisters of Notre Dame, Amberg, Germany, Dr Sebastian Pflugbiel, German Society for Radiation Protection, Berlin, Dr Matthias Engelke, Evang. Standortpfarrer, Idar-Oberstien, Germany, Roland Blach, Coordinator, Non-Violent Action to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, Kornwesthiem, Germany, Christoph Benze, Urgewald, Sassenberg, Germany,

AUSTRIAN GROUPS Andreas Pecha, Secy, Austrian Peace Council, Vienna, Anti-Atom International (AAI), Vienna, Austria, Mattias Reichl, Centre for Encounters and Active Non-Violence, Bad-Ischl, Austria, Czech Peace Society, Praha, Czech Republic, Frauen Fur Den Frieden, Basel, Switz,

NETHERLANDS GROUPS Martin Broek, Campagne Tegen Wapenhandel, Amsterdam, Neth, Frank Van Schaik, Chair, ASEED-Europe, Amsterdam, Neth, Monique de Nijs, Transnational Institute, Amsterdam, Neth, Transnational Institute Asia Program, Amsterdam, Neth, Louis Bertholet, Stichting Onderzoeksgroep Vliegramp Bijlmermeer (SOVB), Neth, Carolien Van De Stadt, WILPF-Netherlands, Utrecht, Neth,

BELGIAN GROUPS Isabel Vertried MP Greens, Belgium, Eloi Glorieux MP Greens, Belgium, Lode Vanoost MP Greens (AGALEV) Brussels, Belgium, Forum Voor Vredesaktie, Belgium, George Spriet, Secy, VREDE, Ghent, Belgium,

SPANISH GROUPS OSPAAAL-Solidaridad, Madrid, Spain, Dr Josep Puig, Scientists and Technicians for a Nuclear-free Future, Barcelona, Spain, Jordi Armadans, Director, Foundation for Peace, Barcelona, Spain,

ITALIAN GROUPS Catherine Arata, SHALOM, School Sisters of Notre Dame, Italy, Georgio Nebbia, (former Senator) Faculty of Economics, University of Bari, Marco Saba, Coordinator, Ethical Environmental Observatory, Milan, Italy,

ROMANIAN GROUPS Aurel Duta, Mama Terra/For Mother Earth Romania, Bucharest, Romania, Constantin S. Lacatus, People of Sibiu for Peace, Sibiu, Romania, Cornel Radu, Aer Pur, Romania, Zoran Siriski, Growing Earths Apprentices, Serbia, Ilya Trombitsky, BIOTICA Ecological Society, Moldova, Prof Vladimir Koklyukhin, Belarussian Association for Political Science, Brest, Belarus, Serghiy Fedorychnyk, Zelenyi Zvit, (Green World) Kiev, Ukraine, Manana Kochladze, Green Alternative, Tblisi, Georgia, Evgenia Zatoka, Co-Chair, Dashoguz Ecological Guardians, Dashoguz, Turkmenistan,

RUSSIAN GROUPS Prof Alexi B. Yablokov, Centre for Russian Environmental Policy, Moscow, Russia, Prof. Sergei Grachev, Co-President, IPPNW Russia, Moscow, Prof. Liuba Kolesnikova, IPPNW Vice-President for CIS, Irkutsk, Russia, Academician Sergei Kolesnikov, MP Russian State Duma, Vladimir Slivyak, Co-Chair, ECODEFENSE, Kaliningrad, Russia, Alisa Nikoulina, Coordinator, Antinuclear Campaign of the Social-Ecological Union, Moscow, Russia, Alexandra Koroleva, Chair, Public Committee on Environmental Education, Kaliningrad Regional Duma, Russia, Galina Ragouzhina, WISE-Kaliningrad, Russia, Pavel Malyshev, AVA, Kaliningrad, Russia, Alexey Kozlov, ECODEFENSE, Voronezh, Russia, Oleg Bodrov, 'Green World', Sosnovy Bor (St Petersburg) Russia, Andrei Laletin, Chairman, Friends of the Siberian Forests, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Nikolai Zubov, Director, Social-Ecological Union, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Alla Yaroshinskaya, President, Ecological Fund, Russia, Alexis Karpov, International Association of Peace Foundations of Russia, Russia, Adi Roche, Executive Director, Chernobyl Childrens Project, Ireland, Dr John de Courcy Ireland, Irish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Ireland,

UK GROUPS David Drew MP, UK., Lynne Jones MP,Birmingham-Selly Oak, UK, Alice Mahon,MP, UK, Christine Mc Cafferty MP, UK, Frank Cook MP Stockton North, UK, Penny Kemp, Chair, Green Party of England and Wales, Commander Robert Green, George Farebrother, World Court Project, Peter Nicholls, Chair, Abolition2000 UK, London, UK, Lindis Percy and Anni Rainbow, Co-Coordinators, Campaign for the Accountability of American Bases (CAAB) Dave Knight, Chair, Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), UK., David Webb, Yorkshire CND, UK., Greater Manchester and District Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Manchester, UK., Jenny Maxwell, Treasurer, West Midlands Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Birmingham, UK., Janet Laycock, Wallasey CND, Merseyside, UK, Paul Maurins, CND-Bolton, UK, Sarah Lazenby, CND-Oxford, UK, Anna Cheetham, Chair, CND-Leicester, Ralph Say, Woking CND, Surrey, UK, Patricia Pullman, Christian CND, London, UK, Margaret Turner, British Section WILPF, Croydon, UK, Gillian Reeve, Assistant Director, MECACT (IPPNW-UK) Angie Zelter, Reforest The Earth, Norfolk, UK, J. E. Mabbit, Socialist Workers Party, Sheffield, UK, Anna Jane, Cymdiethas y Cymod yng Nghymru, Wales, UK, Pat Gaffney, Pax Christi UK, Denis Beaumont, Chair, Fellowship of Reconciliation, UK,

JAPANESE GROUPS Satomi Oba, Plutonium Action Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan, Hiromichi Umebayashi, International Coordinator, Pacific Campaign for Disarmament and Security (PCDS), Sachiyo Oki, Japanese Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (JPPNW), Hiroshima, Japan, Sadao Kamata, Nagasaki Peace Institute, Nagasaki, Japan, Yumi Kikuchi, Founder, Monkey Bay Wildlife Fund, Chiba, Japan,

KOREAN GROUPS Kho Dae Sung MP, National Assembly of Korea, Gyun Lan Jung, Women Making Peace, Seoul, S. Korea, Changsoo Kim, Korean National Congress for Reunification, Seung Kuk Kim, SPARK, S. Korea, Lee Taeho, Peoples Solidarity for Participatory Democracy, S. Korea, Jeong Yu Jin, National Campaign for Eradication of Crime by US Troops in S. Korea, Choi Jung Min/Eong Young Sun, Solidarity for Peace and Human Rights, Yoon Jung-Suk, Women Link, S. Korea, Joyce Chia Chieh, Green Formosa, Taipei, Taiwan, Thanassis Pafilis, Greek Committee for International Detente and Peace (EDEYE), Greece, Cyprus Peace Council,Cyprus, Abdul H. Nayyar, Pakistan Peace Coalition, Islamabad, Pk, Dr Kamrul, Bangladesh Medical Association, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Dr M.A. Bari, Integrated Child Health Organisation, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Ron Mc Coy, Malaysian Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia,

INDONESIAN GROUPS Nasution Camang, Executive Director, Yaysan Merah Putih Palu, Sulawesi, Indonesia, Aristan, Jaringan Kearifan Tradisional Indonesia (JKTI), Sulawesi, Indonesia, Hasmia Djalil, Kolompok Perjuangan Kesitaraan Perempuan, Sulawesi, Indonesia, Berry N. Forquon, Executive Director, Yayasan Cackrawala Hijau Indonesia (YCHI), Kalimantan, Indonesia, Institute of Peoples for Childrens Education and Advocacy (LAPAR), Sulawesi, Indonesia, Corazon Valdes-Fabros, Nuclear-Free Phillipines Coalition, Kilsung Mayo Uno, Phillipines, Losena Tubanavau-Salabula, Pacific Concerns Research Centre, Suva, Fiji,

LATIN-AMERICAN GROUPS Luis-Guttierez Esparza, President, Latin-American Circle for International Studies, Mexico City, Mexico, Jean Patterson, LIMPAL Disarmament Group, Costa-Rica, Christopher Clark, President, Associao Amazonia, Manaus, Brasil, Dina Lida Kinoshita, CONDEPAZ, Brasil, Grace de Haro, Human Rights Organisation, Rio Negro, Patagonia, Argentina, FUNAM- Foundation for Defenceof the Environment, Rio Negro, Patagonia, Argentina, Lazaro Pary, Coordinator, Indian Movement Tupaj-Amaru (Peru/Bolivia) Alfredo Felix Perez Aruazo, Environmental Strategic Research Council, Uruguay, Dr Salavador Maria Lozada, President, International Association for Constitutional Law, Uruguay, Mr Percy S. Ngonyama, Organiser, Ceasefire Campaign, Johannesburg, SA, Prof Denis Brutus, Jubilee South Africa, Edward Appiah, Green Earth Organisation, Accra, Ghana, EGYPTIAN GROUPS Bahig Nassar, Coordinator, Arab Coordination Centre of NGOs, Egypt, Dr Murad Ghaleb, President, Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Organisation, Egypt, Khalid Mahi-Aldin, Member of Egyptian Parliament, Elbadr Farghali, Member of Egyptian Parliament, Dr Refat El Said, Member of Egyptian Parliament, Marii Sbdul Rahman, Palestinian Peace and Solidarity Committee, Essan Makhloul, Member of the Knessett, Israel, Evan Razgour, Green Action, Tel-Aviv, Israel,

UNITED STATES GROUPS
NATIONAL GROUPS US Martin Butcher, Physicians for Social Responsibility (PSR), Washington, USA, Helen Caldicott MD, Founding President, PSR, Marylia Kelly, Executive Director, Tri-Valley CARES, Livermore, CA, USA, Arjun Makhijani, President, Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (IEER), Md, USA, Alice Slater, Global Resource Action Centre for the Environment (GRACE),

NY, USA, Jackie Cabasso, Executive Director, Western States Legal Foundation, Ca, USA, David Krieger, Nuclear-Age Peace Foundation,(NAPF), Santa Barbara, USA, Sally Light, Executive Director, Nevada Desert Experience (NDE), Nevada, USA, Susi Snyder, Shundahai Network, Nevada, USA, Ellen Thomas, Proposition-One Committee, Washington DC, USA, Carol Rosin, Founder, Institute for Security and Cooperation in Outer Space (ISCOS), Anthony Guarisco,Director, Alliance of Atomic Veterans, Ariz,USA, Rear-Admiral Eugene C. Carroll (USN-Retd) (Vice President, Centre for Defence Information) Peter Deccy, Fabian Giatti, Peace Action, Wash DC, USA

LOCAL GROUPS US Bill Smirnow, Nuclear-Free New York, NY, USA, Deb Katz, Citizens Awareness Network (CAN), Ma, USA, Donald and Janet Axman, Peoples Action for Clean Energy, Ct, USA, Vivian Stockman, Concerned Citizens Coalition, West Virginia, USA, Bonnie Urfer/John Lafarge, Nukewatch, USA, Paloma Galindo, Oak Ridge Environmental Peace Alliance, Oak Ridge, Tenn, USA, Sherry Larsen-Beville, Livermore Conversion Project, Oakland, Calif, Citizens Protecting Ohio, Bexley, Ohio, USA, Bill Sulzman, Citizens for Peace in Space, Colo, USA, Rochelle Becker,Liz Apfelberg, San Luis Obispo Mothers for Peace, Calif, USA, Lewis E. Patrie MD, President, North Carolina Chapter, PSR, NC, USA, Melanie Canon, PSR-New York, NY, USA, Bruce A. Drew, Prairie Island Coalition, Minn, USA, Michael J. Keegan, Coalition for a Nuclear-Free Great Lakes, Michigan, USA, Corrine Carey, Don't Waste Michigan, Mich, USA, Ellen & Paul Connett, Waste Not, NY, USA, Kieth Gunter, Citizens Resistance at Fermi-2, Susan V. Walker, President, Action for Nuclear Disarmament, Cape Cod, USA, Jonathan Mark, No Flyby, Ma, USA, Ernest Goeitien, Coordinator, Californians for Radioactive Safeguards, Atherton, Calif, Martha O. Vinick, West Hartford Abolition 2000, Stacey Fritz, Coordinator, Alaskans and Arctic Peoples Against Missile Defence, Fairbanks, Alaska, Steven W. Malkus, Project Catalyst, Ma, USA, Stacey Studebaker, Kodiak Rocket Launch Information Group, Kodiak, Ala, USA, Alaska Action Centre, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, Pamela K. Miller, Program Director, Alaska Community Action on Toxics, Ala, USA, Andrew J. Hund, Coordinator, Alaska Arctic Environmental Defence Fund, Kevin Martin, Project Abolition, Goshen, Indiana, USA, Robert M. Gould, MD, President, Physicians for Social Responsibility, SanFran/Bay Area Chapter, Pat Birnie, Organiser, GE Stockholders Alliance, Betty Schroeder, Arizona Safe Energy Coalition, Tucson Ariz, USA, Alice Swift, Franklin/Hampshire Chapter, CPPAX Nuclear Weapons Abolition Taskforce, MA, USA, Mel Hunt, Vice-Chair, City of Arcata Nuclear Weapons Free Zone Commission, Calif, USA, Janet D. Sherman MD, Radiation and Public Health Project, USA, Mary Ellen Marucci, Cooperative Citizens Monitoring Network (CCMN), Ct, USA, Frieda Berryhill, CNPP, Wilmington Delaware, USA, James Mc Guinness, NucNews, Washington, USA,

WOMENS GROUPS US Phyllis S. Yingling, Chair, Womens International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) USA Section, Pa, USA, Bernice Fischer, Penninsula Womens International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), Calif, USA, Pat Sordill, Chair, WILPF Northern New Jersey, USA, Susan Shaer, Director, Womens Action for New Directions (WAND), Wash DC, USA, Jen Kato, Atlanta Womens Action for New Directions (WAND), Atlanta, USA, Judy Gallo, Women Speak Out for Peace and Justice, USA, Women Against Military Madness, (WAMM), Minn, USA,

PEACE AND JUSTICE GROUPS US James K. Galbraith, Lucy Webster, Robert J. Schwartz, Economists Allied for Arms Reduction, (ECAAR) NY, USA, William D. Hartung,Director, Arms Trade Resource Center, World Policy Institute, NY,USA, Ethel Higonnet, Human Rights Watch, NY, USA, Karen Talbot, International Centre for Peace and Justice, USA, Harry Rodgers, Carolina Peace Resource Centre, Columbia, SC, USA, Barbara Weidner, Grandmothers for Peace International, Calif, USA, Rev. Robert Moore, Coalition for Peace Action, Princeton, NJ, USA, Rosalie Tyler-Paul,chair, Peace Action Maine, Maine, USA, Elen R.Robinson, Peace Action New Mexico, NM, USA, Sonya Ostrom, Peace Action, PA, USA, Francis Chiappa, Cleveland Peace Action, Ohio USA, Madelyn Hoffman, Peggy Monges, New Jersey Peace Action, NJ, USA, Tom Seery, Program Director, Peace Action Wisconsin, Wisc, USA, Peter Ferenbach, Executive Director, California Peace Action, USA, Alfred A. Marder, United States Peace Council, USA, Mark Haim, Director, Mid-Missouri Peace Works, USA, Jean Coster, Director, South Dakota Peace and Justice Centre,USA, Luisa Brown, North Dakota Peace Coalition, USA, Barry Reisch, President, Veterans for Peace, Washington DC, USA, Bill Warwick MD, Gainville Florida Veterans for Peace, Fl, USA, Carol Mosely, Kelli Sebastian, Coordinator, Florida Coalition for Peace and Justice, Florida, USA, Paul George, Peninsula Peace and Justice Centre, Palo Alto, Calif, USA, Ellen Kahler, Peace and Justice Centre, Burlington, Vt, USA, Phyllis W. Stanley, President, Environmental and Peace Education Centre,

Florida, USA, Anabel Dwyer, Peace Education Centre, East Lansing, Michigan, USA, Mavis Belisle, Peace Farm, Texas, USA, Phil Weaver, Eugene Peaceworks, Oregon, USA, Amy Bannon, Volunteers for Peace, USA, Alan D, Moore, Fine Artists for World Peace, Berkley, Calif, Sister Mary Kay Flanagan OSF, Rev Robert Bossie SCJ, 8th Day Centre for Justice, Chicago Ill, USA, James Mc Ginnis, Institute for Peace and Justice, St Louis, Missouri, USA,

MISC US GROUPS Adele Kushner, Action for a Clean Environment, Georgia, USA, Justine Cooper, Native Forest Council, Oregon, USA. Krista Leeraas, Alliance for Sustainability, Mn, USA, Frances Fox, Global Resource Bank, USA, Alan D. Moore, Butterfly Gardeners Association, Berkley, Calif, George B. Hug, President, Northwest Builders Network, USA, George Croker, Director, North American Water Office, USA, Mark Ritchie, Institute For Agriculture and Trade Policy, Mitch Hall, President, 'Checkmate' Non-Violence Group, Vermont, USA, Ground Zero Centre for Nonviolent Action, Washington, USA, Pablo Paster, Clayton Whitt, Cal-Poly Progressive Student Alliance, San Luis Obispo, Calif, USA, James K. Wyerman, 20/20 Vision, Washington DC, USA, James V. Albertini, President, Malu 'Aina, Hawaii, Pete Shimazaki Doktor, Hawaii-Okinawa Network, Honululu, Hawaii, USA, Ohana Foley, Student Peace Action Network Hawaii, Richard N. Salvador, Hague Appeal for Peace Pacific Forum, Honululu, Hawaii, USA, Fredrique Apfel-Marglin, Smith College, Northampton, Mass, USA, John Witeck, Phillipine Workers Support Committee, USA, Dae Jung Moon, Young Koreans United of USA, LA, Calif, Human Rights Project, Birmingham, Alabama, USA, Glenn Van Haitsma, Waukesha County Chapter United Nations Association, USA, Jenifer Olaranna Viereck, Director, HOME, Tecopa, Ca, USA, Elise Brion, People over Profit, St Louis, Miss, USA, Scott Chaplin, Mountain Folks for Global Justice, USA, Peggy Macintyre, Coordinator, Grandparents for Peace, Fl, USA, David L. Marks, The Giving Web, NY, USA, Denise Nelson, Director, SERV, USA, Carol Brouillet, The Who's Counting Project, Palo Alto, Calif, USA, Dana Williams, Students Taking Action for a New Democracy (STAND), Akron, Ohio, USA, June Zeitlin, Womens Environmental and Developmental Organisation (WEDO), NY, USA, Alyson Ewald, Sacred Earth Network, Petersham, Mass, USA, Dr Kathleen Sullivan, Project EDNA, Brooklyn, NY, USA, Kenneth Pollinger, New Age Centre, NY, USA, Don Brook, Centre for Research and Education, Calif, USA,

RELIGIOUS GROUPS - US Bishop Walter F. Sullivan, President, Pax Christi USA, Bishop C. Dale White, Margaret Darlene Ehinger, Pax Christi Huntsville, Ala, USA, Mary Ellen Mc Nish, General Secy, American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), Joe Franko, American Friends Service Committee Southwest Regional Office, Kyle Kajiro, American Friends Service Committee Hawaii Area Program, Rev. Thomas I. Warren, Chair, Just Peace Committee, United Church of Christ, New Orleans, USA, Patricia A. Stalder, Immaculate Conception Gospel Justice Committee, Calif, USA, David Joslin, Capitol Region Conference of Churches, USA, Maryellen Haydon, Thomas Merton Centre, Pittsburgh, USA, Sister Ardeth Platte, Jonah House, Baltimore, USA, Sister Ardeth Platte, Sacred Earth and Space Ploughshares, Colo, USA, Toni Flynn, High Desert Catholic Worker Community, Ca, USA, Robert M. Smith, Brandywine Peace Community, Pace e Bene Franciscan Nonviolence Centre, USA, Jennifer Reese, PhD, The Community Church, Sonora, Ca, USA, Peggy Harrington, Interfaith Centre of NY, Edgar P. Lucas, Renacer Westside Community Network, Chicago, Ill, USA, Alice Swift, Clerk, Mt Toby Friends Meeting, Leverett, MA, USA, Rose Marie Franklin, Maryknoll Sisters Korea Global Concerns, Maryknoll Sisters, USA, Rev William J. Morton, SSC, Columban Mission Office, Bonita Chang, American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) Hawaii Area Program, Honululu, Hawaii, Henriette Groot, Clerk, Central Coast Preparative Meeting, Society of Friends, Calif, USA,

CANADIAN GROUPS The Hon. Senator Douglas Roche OC, Canadian Senate, Ottawa, Canada, Pat Martin, MP (NDP) Winnipeg Centre, Manitoba, Cn, Alexa Mc Donough, MP for Halifax, Leader, NDP, Cn, Svend-Robinson MP (NDP) Barnaby-Douglas, BC, Can, Libby Davies MP Vancouver East, Ottawa, Canada, Niel Arya,, President, Physicians for Global Survival (PGS), Ottawa, Canada, Gordon Edwards, President, Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility (CCNR), Montreal, Quebec, Helmut (Ken) Burkhardt President, Science for Peace, Toronto, Canada, David Morgan, President, Veterans Against Nuclear Arms, (VANA), Vancouver, BC., Canada, Desmond Berghofer, Institute for Ethical Leadership, Vancouver, BC, Joan Russow, Global Compliance Project, Canada, Kira Van Deusen, Foundation for Indigenous Siberian Culture, Seattle, Canada, Betty Brightwell, Raging Grannies, Victoria, BC, Canada, Joyce Lydiard, Rainforest Raging Grannies, Vancouver, Canada, Carolyn Bassett, Coordinator, Canadian Peace Alliance, Canada, Ivan Bulic, Society Promoting Environmental Conservation (SPEC), Vancouver BC, Canada, Dr Jennifer-Anne Simons, Simons Foundation, Vancouver BC, Canada, Kris Mansfield, Coordinator, Conscience Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada, Sue Frazer, Secy, Vancouver Island Network for Disarmament, BC, Canada, Rose-Marie Whalley, Voice of Women, Quebec, Canada, Rose-Marie Whalley, National Action Committee on the Status of Women, Canada, Prof. Douglas A. Ross, Dept Political Science, Simon Frazer University, BC, Canada, Marieka Arnold, Project Coordinator, Falls Brook Centre, NB, Canada, Jacques Boucher, Gerry Pascal, Centre de Ressources sur la Non-Violence, Montreal, Canada, Linda Murphy, President, Inter-Church Uranium Committee (ICUC), Sask, Canada, Niel Sinclair, New Green Alliance, Sask, Canada, Dave Greenfield, Who on Earth Music and Art Collective, Sask, Canada, Elizabeth Mc Laughlin, People Against Nuclear Energy, NB, Canada, Rev Jeanette Liberty-Duns, President, Project Ploughshares Saskatoon, Canada, Dr John Bury, Veterans Against Nuclear Arms Saskatchewan, Sask, Canada,

AOTEAROA/NZ GROUPS Keith Locke MP, Green Party of Aotearoa/NZ, Kate Dewes, President, Disarmament and Security Centre(DSC), Christchurch, NZ, Marion Hancock, Peace Foundation Aotearoa/NZ, Auckland, Aotearoa/NZ, CND NZ, Wellington, NZ, Helen Kingston, Golden Bay Peace Group, Aotearoa/NZ, Megan Hutching, WILPF-Aotearoa, Aotearoa/NZ, Dame Laurie Salas, Abolition2000-Aotearoa/NZ, Wellington, Aotearoa/NZ, John Urlich, President, Peace Council of Aotearoa/NZ, Des Brough Chair, Dame Laurie Salas Vice-Chair, National Consultative Committee on Disarmament, Aotearoa/NZ, R.E. White, Centre for Peace Studies, University of Auckland, Aotearoa/NZ, David Menkes, Dr Margot Parkes, Med Eco New Zealand, Wellington Aotearoa/NZ, Carol Anne Bradford, New Zealand Coalition for Gun Control, Aotearoa/NZ, Larry Ross, Secy, New Zealand Nuclear-Free Peacemaking Association, Christchurch, Aotearoa/NZ, John La Roche, President, Engineers for Social Responsibility, Auckland, NZ, Prof. Dr Klaus Bosselman, Director, New Zealand Centre for Environmental Law, Auckland NZ, Simon Reeves, Vice President, United Nations Association of NZ,

AUSTRALIAN GROUPS Senator Vicky Bourne, Australian Democrats Spokesperson on Foreign Affairs and Defence, Senator for NSW, Senator Andrew Bartlett, Australian Democrats Spokesperson on the Environment, Qld, Carmen Lawrence MP, ALP Member for Fremantle, W.A., Julia Irwin, MP, ALP Member for Fowler, NSW, Tanya Plibersek MP ALP Federal Member for Sydney, NSW, Collin Hollis MP ALP Federal Member for Throsby, NSW, Jill Hall, MP ALP Federal Member for Shortland, NSW, Kelly Hoare MP, ALP Federal Member for Charlton, NSW, Jann Mc Farlane MP, ALP Member for Stirling, W.A., Cheryl Kernot MP, ALP Member for Dickson, Qld, Daryl Melham, MP, ALP Member for Banks, NSW, Harry Jenkins MP, ALP Member for Scullin, Vic, Aust, Senator Chris Schacht, ALP Senator for South Australia, Robin Chapple MLC, Greens Member-Elect for Mining and Pastoral Region, W.A., Lee Rhiannon MLC, Greens, NSW, Sandra Kank MLC-SA, Australian Democrats, SA, Catherine Moore, Convenor, Australian Greens, Irene Gale AM and Ron Gray, Australian Peace Committee, Adelaide, SA, Aust, Pauline Mitchell, CICD, Melbourne, Vic, Aust, Michelle Matthews, Australian Conservation Foundation (ACF), Fitzroy, Vic, Kirsten Blair/Mark Wakeham, Environment Centre of the Northern Territory (ECNT), Darwin, NT, Aust, Glenn Marshall, Arid Lands Environment Centre (ALEC), Alice Springs, NT. Chris White, United trades and Labor Council, South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Aust, Julius Rowe, President, Amalagamated Metal Workers Union, Aust, Dr Susan Wareham, President, Medical Association for the Prevention of War (MAPW) Australia, Canberra, ACT, Judy Blyth, Medical Association for the Prevention of War WA (MAPWA), Perth, WA, Aust, Rowena, Environment Centre of Western Australia(ECWA), Perth, W.A., Aust, Graham Daniell, People for Nuclear Disarmament W.A., (PND-WA), Perth, W.A., Aust, Rob Gulley, Community Anti-Nuclear Network of Western Australia, Perth, W.A., Irina Reykhtman, Gaia Foundation, Perth, W.A., Margaret Reynolds, President, United Nations Association of Australia (UNAA), Ryan Heath, Pres, NSW Branch, National Union of Students (NUS), Doreen Mackman, People Against Uranium, Geraldton W.A., Joan Shears, Secy/Coordinator, Rally for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament, Brisbane, Qld, Aust, Beryl Miller, Secy, Union of Australian Women, (SA), Yvonne Francis, Save The Otways, Yvonne Francis, Nuclear Disarmament Party, Rev. Ray Richmond, Wayside Chapel, Kings Cross, NSW, Greg Thompson, Pastor, St John's Darlinghurst Anglican Church, NSW.,

FRIENDS OF THE EARTH GROUPS Ricardo Navarro, Chair, Friends of the Earth International (FOEI)Salvador/Amsterdam Ricardo Navarro, Friends of the Earth El Salvador, Bo Normander, Friends of the Earth Denmark, Anastasia Laitilia, Maan Ystävät Ry/Friends of the Earth Finland, Friends of the Earth Cyprus, Jan Beranek, Director, Hnuti Duha (FOE Czech Republic), Brno, Czech Republic, Julian Manduca, Friends of the Earth Malta/Moviment Ghall-Ambjent, Viktor Khazan MP, Friends of the Earth Ukraine(Zeleny Zvit), Dniepropetrovsk, Ukraine, Rusudan Simonidze, Jimi Dabrundashvili, Friends of the Earth Georgia/Greens Movement of Georgia, Tbilsi, Georgia, Natalia Arias, Pres, Accion Ecologica (Friends of the Earth Ecuador), Quito, Ecuador, Nnimmo Bassey, Environmental Rights Action/Friends of the Earth Nigeria, Benin City, Nigeria, Istvan Farkas, Director, Friends of the Earth Hungary, Daniel Sanchez, Amigos de la Tierra Espana (Friends of the Earth Spain), Madrid, Sp, Bob Taitt, Coordinator, Friends of the Earth New Zealand, John Hallam, Friends of the Earth Australia